UC-NRLF 


B    3    b2M    DTD 


wr.'  14  19U 


''THE  SUNRISE  CITY  BY  THE  SEA'' 


LEGEND 

Here    is    health,    here  is    opportunity — recreation  for    the 

Wear}),  pleasure  in  varied  forms,  reasonable  living, 

cheap  fuel,   good  water  and  refined 

5ode(y.      What  more  should 

man  want? 


PRESS    OF 

Burke  &  Gregory 
Norfolk.  Va. 


NORFOLK 

VIRGINIA 

"THE  SUNRISE  CITY  BY  THE  SEA" 


PUBLISHED  BY 

The  Industrial  Commission 

(Board  of  Commercial  and  Industrial  Interests) 

OFF!  CI  AL         ~:         19  14 


The  Industrial  Commission  of  1914. 

Thurmer  Hoggard,  -  President 

Wm.  P.  Dodson,         -  Vice-President 

J.  B.  Brockett,  -  -  Treasurer 

Philip  E.  Yeatman,  -  Secretary 

J.  T.  Whitehurst,  Adam  Christe 

Col.  Wm.  H,  Sargeant,  Jr. 


^m 


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CONTENTS 


Map  of  Norfolk  and  Vicinity 4 

Why  Norfolk  Is 7-19 

A  Few  Pertinent  and  Terse  Facts  concerning  Norfolk          .        .  21-36 

Climatically 21 

Trucking  and  Agricultural  Interests    .       .       .       .       .       .  23 

Manufacturing  and  Industrial 25 

Jobbing  Trade 25 

Labor 27-29 

Financial 29-3 1 

Transportation  Facilities 31-35 

Water  Front  and  Water  Courses 36 

Other  than  Commercial,  Norfolk's  Showing  is  Just  as  Good    .       .  37 

Old  St.  Paul's 39 

The  Banks  of  Norfolk;  a  Statement  compiled  from  February    1914 

reports  to  State  Corporation  Commission     ....  41 

Navy  Yard  Development  (proposed)            43-45 

Transportation  Lines  entering  Norfolk  and  how  to  reach  them     .  47 

A  Pictorial  Comparison            49-6 1 

Panoramic  View  of  Norfolk's  Waterfront 56-57 

Terminal  Development  (proposed) 63-71 

Points  of  Interest  around  Norfolk  and  how  to  reach  them            .  75 

Distance  and  Time  from  the  Chief  Cities 11 

Comparative  Table  of  Distances  between  Panama  and  Middle  West- 
ern Points  through  Gulf  and  Coast  Ports     ....  84 


287678 


Page  6 


WHY  NORFOLK  IS. 


1 


T  TOOK  no  prophetic  mind  to  conceive  the  prediction 
made  many  years  ago  that  somewhere  along  the  At- 
lantic Coast,  south  of  Baltimore,  would  be  built  the 
largest,  most  prosperous  city  of  these  United  States. 
With  but  a  cursory  vicAV  of  the  map  of  the  country,  many 
locations  can  be  selected  that  would  satisfy  the  requirements 
of  a  large  and  progressive  population;  but  as  the  eye  surveys 
the  various  advantages  both  of  land  and  water  along  the  coast 
line,  the  vision  unconsciously  centers  and  rests  at  one  main 
point  where  nature  has  been  most  lavish  in  all  her  best  gifts 
topographically  as  well  as  geographically,  and  that  point  is  the 
city  of  Norfolk. 

Population  as  naturally  turns  toward  this  section  as  does 
the  needle  to  the  pole.  For  the  poor  man,  Norfolk  with  its 
surrounding  country  is  the  garden  of  plenty,  and  for  the  rich 
it  is  the  sesame  to  larger  vaults  of  treasure,  and  presents  un- 
limited opportunity  for  the  development  and  increase  of  her 
capital.  As  paradoxical  as  may  seem  this  statement,  it  is  none 
the  less  true  and  reasonable,  for  to  the  poor  it  yields  a  cheap 
yet  wholesome  and  substantial  living,  while  for  the  rich  it  is 
so  located  as  to  feel  the  pulse  of  the  nations  and  thereby  pre- 
sents opportunities  for  capital  which  exist  in  but  limited 
quantities  elsewhere. 

For  commercial  reciprocity,  Norfolk  is  superbly  located, 
1  her  water  transportation  touching  the  ports  of  the  world, 
1  while  her  railroads  require  but  a  few  hours  for  intercourse 
*'  with  the  most  distant  cities  by  land. 

To  her  port  can  enter  the  largest  ships  of  the  world, 
bringing  the  produce  of  other  climes,  and  depart  laden  with 
the  fruits  of  this  prolific  laud.  At  her  piers,  ships  from  any 
port  in  the  world  can  be  unloaded  on  one  side,  and  the  goods 
loaded  into  cars  on  the  other  side  for  any  point  reached  by  rail 
in  the  Western  Hemisphere. 

Although  the  possibilities  of  Norfolk  have  been  recognized 

by  the  observant  eye  since  this  nation  was  born,  it  is  only 

since  the  days  of  great  immigration  and  vast  wealth,  indeed 

I  within  the  last  decade  that  she  seems  in  earnest  to  have  en- 

A\tered  the  lists  for  special  recognition  in  the  marts  of  the  world. 


Page  7 


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h  *■  The    Norfolk    section    ships    annually   to   the    North    and    West   over   $15,000,000    worth 
'  '  of  vegetables  and  fruits. 

In  the  past  ten  years  her  growth  in  popnlatioii,  her  in- 
crease in  banking  and  raannfacturing  institutions,  her  im- 
proved class  of  buildings,  street  railway  facilities  and  her 
splendid  educational  system  place  her  in  the  front  rank  of  her 
sister  cities. 

For  the  permanent  home-seeker  she  possesses  every  in- 
ducement, for  like  every  progressive  city,  her  citizenship  is 
cosmopolitan  and  the  newcomer  can  select  his  associates  from 
Canada  to  the  Gulf,  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  and  even 
those  trans-Atlantic  and  trans-Paeiflc  are  here  to  greet  their 
compatriots,  and  all  who  come  with  the  proper  spirit  to  make 
Norfolk  their  home  and  with  the  welfare  of  Norfolk  at  heart 
receive  the  usual  and  every  ready  welcome  and  hospitality. 

The  climate  of  this  section  is  most  salubrious,  reaching 
neither  in  Summer  nor  Winter  the  extremes  of  heat  and  cold. 

The  soil  is  of  the  most  productive,  verifying  that  beautiful 
thought  of  the  poet  who  said  "But  tickle  the  soil  and  it  laughs 
with  a  harvest." 

Even  now,  in  this,  the  Tidewater  section  of  Virginia,  three 
and  four  crops  are  produced  annually,  and  under  the  improved 
methods  of  scientific  and  intensive  farming,  combined  with 
modern  machinery,  to  all  of  which  farmers  are  becoming  rap- 
idly educated,  the  possibilities  of  this  soil  can  not  be  estimated 
or  exaggerated. 

As  a  resort  both  in  Summer  and  in  Winter,  Norfolk  has 
become  an  important  factor,  with  Old  Point,  Ocean  View.  Vir- 
ginia Beach  and  Cape  Henry,  her  suburbs  superbly  equipped 
in  every  respect  for  entertainment  and  with  beaches  and  surf 
unsurpassed  anywhere. 

For  the  investor  of  idle  capital,  no  better  opportunity 
presents  itself  than  in  the  real  estate  within  and  surrounding 
Norfolk:  for  not  a  foot  of  the  land  but  must  speedily  double 
in  value  with  the  continual  influx  of  population  and  the  de- 
mands for  home  and  business  sites. 

The  advantages  anrl  inducements  for  manufacturing  in- 
dustries are  manifold.  With  the  raw  material  near  at  hand, 
cheap  fuel  and  power,  no  lack  of  labor  and  unexcelled  trans- 
portation facilities,  both  rail  and  water,  the  commercial  des- 
tinv  of  this  thriving  eitv  has  been  forecast  by  the  prophets  of 


Page  9 


Virginia  Beach  Casino. 


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Bathing   at  Virginia   Beach. 


iiuviiiiiiiiimi' 


Page   10 


Within  24  hours  by  rail  and  water  of  twenty  millions  of  people. 


industry  in  no  uncertain  terms.  The  brightest  star  on  the 
horizon  of  coming  prosperity  is  the  approaching  completion 
of  the  Panama  Canal,  and  if  Norfolk  does  not  reap  a  golden 
harvest  through  this  tremendous  artery  of  trade,  it  will  be 
the  fault  of  those  who  are  blind  to  opportunity  and  profligate 
of  talent. 

/     Geographically,  almost  centrally  located,  with  waterways 

«' /Communicating  with  the  limits  of  the  earth,  and  with  railroads 

connecting  the  most  distant  points  by  land,  these  great  an- 


The    Monticello    Hotel. 

tennae  of  commerce  feel  their  way  and  gather  in  all  the  de- 
sirable products  home  and  abroad,  and  stretching  forth, 
reciprocally  yield  of  the  varied  fruits  of  this  semi-tropical 
paradise^  The  health  of  this  climate  needs  no  confirmation 
further  than  a  glance  at  the  registry  books  of  Norfolk's  hotels 
both  Winter  and  Summer  to  see  the  names  of  the  aristocratic 
and  wealthy  of  the  land  who  seek  in  this  climate  a  surcease 
from  their  usual  career  and  a  refuge,  in  quiet  and  conserva- 
tive social  intercourse,  from  the  strenuous  and  fatiguing  tur- 
moil with  which  thev  are  usuallv  environed. 


Page  11 


Ocean  View  Hotel. 


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Bathing   at   Ocean   View. 


Page  12 


The    Building   Operations   in    Norfolk   in    1900,    amounted   to   $95,800.00;    in    1913,   they 
amounted    to    $3,093,429.00. 


The  hotels,  with  no  other  resources  than  their  God-given 
environment,  in  the  game  of  the  forests  and  streams  and  the 
fruits  of  the  soil,  can  with  satiety  cater  to  the  epicures  of  the 
Avorld. 


rile    Lorraine    Hotel. 


For  recreation  and  amusement,  Norfolk  has  her  theatres, 
which,  in  structure  and  convenience,  stand  second  to  none,  and 
which  engage  only  the  first  talent  of  the  stage  for  the  theat- 


Page   13 


4 


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Page  14 


Fertilizer   is    manufactured   and    manipulated   here   to   the    extent   of   300,000   tons 
annually,   valued    at    $6,000,000. 


rical  season,  while  within  less  than  an  hour's  pleasant  ride  are 
Old  Point  Comfort,  Ocean  View,  Virginia  Beach  and  Cape 
Henry,  most  famous  among  seaside  resorts  for  the  sojourner 
for  pastime  or  the  seeker  for  health,  either  in  Summer  or  Win- 
ter. 

For  those  of  sporting  inclinations,  she  offers  golf  links, 
race  courses,  and  an  unlimited  field  for  rod  and  gun.  The 
marshes,  easily  accessible,  teem  with  water-fowl,  and  the 
waters  swarm  with  fish,  both  of  world-renowned  delicacy. 

Educationally  her  facilities  are  far  superior  to  those 
of  manv  larger  cities,  and  are  far  in  advance  of  the  demands 


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Submarines   in   Dry   Dock. 

of  her  present  population.  The  public  schools  compare  favor- 
ably with  those  of  any  city  in  the  country,  maintaining  a  high 
standard  in  every  branch.  Many  private  preparatory  schools  of 
efficiency,  a  practically  free  mechanics  institute  and  public 
night  schools  afford  ample  opportunity  for  ambitious  students. 
y  Here,  known  as  the  Norfolk  Navy  Yard,  though  located 

y  across  the  river,  and  adjacent  to  the  sister  city  of  Portsmouth, 
''        have  been  constructed  some  of  the  most  famous  ships  in  the 
history   of   the   Republic,    and   as   a   construction   and   repair 

Page  IS  I     ^  , 


n 

Page  16 


In    1913,   there   were   exported   from    Norfolk,    $16,637,616   worth    of    products,    and   the 
value  of  imports  amounted  to  over  $2,500,000. 


plant,  labor  is  furnished  to  thousands.  It  is  approached  by  a 
thirty-five  foot  channel  from  the  sea  and  its  dry-docks  can  ac- 
commodate the  largest  ships  in  the  Navy.  In  the  Berkley 
Ward  of  Norfolk  is  situated  the  St.  Helena  Naval  Training 
Station,  the  second  in  importance  in  the  country,  where  many 
hundred  recruits  are  in  daily  drill  to  fit  them  for  first  class 
seamanship  duty.  The  United  States  Government  recognizes 
this  Naval  Station  as  the  most  important,  taken  generally,  on 
the  Atlantic  coast,  by  reason  -of  its  strategic  value,  its  pro- 
tected location  and  its  most  favorable  health  and  climatic  con- 
ditions, and  as  an  evidence  of  this  recognition,  has  an  invest- 
ment of  $15,000,000  in  buildings  and  equipment.  In  this  is  in- 
cluded a  Naval  Hospital,  for  which  additional  plans  are  being 
prepared,  the  accomplishment  of  which  will  make  it  the  fore- 
most Naval  health  centre  in  the  world. 

In  equal  proximity  is  Cape  Henry,  a  point  of  intense  his- 
torical interest,  where  preparations  are  being  made  by  the 
Government  to  construct  a  fortress  which  will  be  equipped  to 
defend  the  entrance  to  Chesapeake  Bay,  and  which,  from  its 
importance,  guarding,  as  it  will,  the 'National  Capital  and  all 
the  cities  and  communities  on  the  Bay  and  its  tributaries,  is 
designed  to  be  the  Gibraltar  of  the  Western  Continent. 

Leaving  Norfolk  by  water,  all  lines  cross  the  historic 
ground  of  the  conflict  between  the  Virginia  and  the  Monitor, 
the  result  of  which  changed  the  marine  architecture  of  all 
navies,,,,^.^ — 

All  the  above  are  points  of  interest,  easily  accessible  from 
the  City,  and  all  well  worth  visiting. 

Endowed  by  nature  as  a  harbor  of  safety  from  storms. 
equally  blessed. by  nature  with  a  soil  and  a  climate  that  are 
wedded  for  procreation,  Norfolk  stands  alone  and  uniquely 
independent  of  tli.e  rest  of  the  coui^try,  for  it  has  been  said,  and 
without  contradiction,  that  were  she  cut  off  from  the  rest  of 
the  world,  within  the  confines  of  her  environment  exists  suf- 
ficient resource  to  supply  her  people  with  every  necessity  and 
every  reasonable  luxury. 


Page  17 


'ii^u>^»»^M/l  i 


Page   18 


KO,* 


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'  ..^Over  300,000  excursionists  visit  Norfolk  every  year,  a  good  many  settle  here. 

Her  adjacent  territory  possesses  forests  that  contain  not 
only  pine,  but  every  known  hard-wood  save  those  of  the 
tropics. 

She  is  in  touch  with  mines  of  coal,  gold,  silver,  copper, 
iron,  tin,  zinc,  and  even  the  diamond  has  been  found  in  limited 
quantities. 

Here,  even  tropical  vegetation  when  tried  has  found  in 
the  soil  an  adaptable  and  life-giving  foster  mother,  so  that 
really  the  possibilities  of  the  country  are  yet  unknown,  and  her 
development  yet  in  a  state  of  embryo. 


Carnegie   Public   Library. 

With  this  brief  and  all  inadequate  introduction  to  Nor- 
folk and  its  territory,  the  stranger  is  invited  to  come  and  seek 
for  himself  the  confirmation  of  these  claims,  for  the  half  has 
not  been  told,  nor  is  it  possible  for  tongue  or  pen  to  do  jus- 
tice to  a  theme  Avhich  requires  for  satisfactory  proof  an  ocu- 
lar demonstration. 

Such  awaits  every  investigator,  and  Norfolk  heartily 
welcomes  him  and  will  cheerfully  assist  him  in  his  most 
minute  research. 


Page  19 


Page  20 


TERSE   AND  CORRECT   FACTS 
AND  FIGURES. 


TTENTION  is  invited  to  the  following  items  as  being  of 
intense  interest  to  capital  seeking  investment,  home- 
seekers  desiring  residence  and  labor  awaiting  employ- 


ment.   Climate,  labor  and  health  go  hand  in  hand. 

CLIMATICALLY. 

Norfolk's  mean  annual  temperature  for  the  last  twenty- 
one  years  has  been  sixty-two  and  nine-tenths  degrees,  and  the 
average  by  months  is  as  follows  :  January,  42.8 ;  February,  49.9 
March,  51.7;  April,  59.2;  May,  65.8;  June,  72.6;  July,  78.4 
August,  80.6;  September,  73.9;  October,  62.4;  November,  60.1 
December,  62.5.     The  heat  of  the  Summer  is  far  less  intense 
because  of  the  counteracting  influence  of  the  cool  and  refresh- 
ing breezes  that  blow  across  the  city  from  off  the  ocean,  and 
the  many  ri\'ers  and  other  bodies  of  water  that  penetrate  and 
encompass   it  in   every  direction.     The  Winters  on  the  other 
hand,   are  moderated  by  the  proximity  of  the   Gulf  Stream, 
which  from  about  this  point  switches  off  towards  England,  and 
takes  to  that  country  the  God-given  warmth  of  our  sunny  land 
and  sea  that  renders  that  climate  endurable,  and  but  for  which 
influence  it  would  become  a  frozen  and  barren  waste. 

TRUCKING  AND  AGRICULTURAL  INTERESTS. 

The  great  underlying  foundation  though,  for  Norfolk's 
real  wealth  and  prosperity,  and  the  chief  factor  in  her  develop- 
ment and  growth,  is  the  important  trucking  and  agricultural 
interests  carried  on  in  the  territory  adjacent  thereto  and  of 
which  and  for  which  she  is  the  great  central  shipping  and  dis- 
tributing point.  This  territory  is  known  as  "Tidewater,"  and 
includes  all  that  lower  part  of  Virginia  bordering  upon  and 
reached  by  the  medium  of  her  innumerable  water  courses  and 
waterways,  a  part  of  the  Eastern  Shore  of  ^Maryland  and  that 
of  Virginia,  and  the  rich  black  lands  of  the  Eastern  Carolinas. 
All  this  region  is  in  close  touch  with  Norfolk  by  means  of 
cheap   water   transportation    and   by    rail    where    necessary; 


Page  21 


Page  22 


The   Norfolk    Navy    Yard   is   the   most   important   on    the   Atlantic   Coast.     Any  battle- 
ship  in   the  world   can   be   dry-docked   here. 


through  this  city  is  afforded  a  quick  and  ready  market  for  all 
its  produce  in  the  great  centers  of  population  reached  by  the 
many  railroads,  steamship  and  steamboat  lines  operating  to 
and  from  it.  This  great  "Garden  of  Tidewater"- is  the  most 
wonderful   food-producing  region   in   the   country  and  it  sup- 


Loading  Truck  for  Shipment  by  Rail  to  North  and  West. 


plies,  to  a  very  large  percentage  of  the  population  in  eastern 
United  States  the  fresh  "garden  stuffs"  and  produce  that  ap- 
pear upon  its  tables.  This  naturally,  therefore,  is  a  great  and 
important  source  of  revenue  to  Norfolk,  for  most  of  the  money 
derived  from  the  operation  of  this  great  industry  is  invested 
and  expended  in  this  City. 

(Write  to  the  Industrial  Commission  for  booklet  on  Agri- 
culture and  Food  Production.) 


Page  23 


Page  24 


Norfolk  is  the  foremost  peanut  market  in  the  world,  handling  and  shipping  annually, 

over  2,000,000  bags. 


MANUFACTURING  AND  INDUSTRIAL 

Three  Hundred  and  Fifty  Manufacturing  Plants,  with  a 
capital  invested  of  Twenty  Five  Million  Dollars,  employing 
some  thirteen  thousand  live  hundred  people,  drawing  a  yearly 
pay-roll  of  Five  j\Iillion  and  a  Quarter  Dollars.  Annual  sales 
about  Thirty  Seven  M'-Hion  Dollars. 

Norfolk's  manufact'-iring  increased  nearly  one  hundred 
per  cent  in  the  years  betwt^  nineteen  hundred  and  nineteen 
thirteen.  Norfolk  possesses  every  known  advantage  in  the 
world  for  manufacturing  purposes,  the  truth  of  which  be- 
comes more  and  more  apparent  to  all  those  instituting  inves- 
tigation. 

The  successful  manufacturing  institutions  in  Norfolk  in- 
clude lumber,  saw  and  planing  mills,  box-shook  factories,  ag- 
ricultural implements,  steel  doors  and  fire  proof  parti- 
tions, the  refining  of  cotton  seed  oil  and  producing  there- 
from many  useful  products,  fertilizer  manipulation  and  manu- 
facturing, cotton  mills,  silver  plating  mills,  wine  and  beer 
manufacturing,  carriages  and  automobiles,  peanut  products, 
veneer  and  furniture,  wire  screens,  and  in  fact  almost  every 
line  of  manufacturing  industry  is  represented  here  and  ope- 
rated with  success. 

The  United  States  Navy  Yard  located  here  represents  an 
investment  of  Ten  ]\Iillion  Dollars,  and  gives  employment  to 
nearly  three  thousand  men,  drawing  in  pay  over  Two  Million 
Dollars  annually. 

JOBBING  TRADE. 

Capital  invested,  about  Ten  and  a  Half  Million  Dollars. 
Annual  sales  about  Fifty  Two  and  a  Quarter  Million  Dollars. 
Territory  covered,  practically  all  of  the  South,  as  far  down  as 
Texas. 

Norfolk's  freight  rates  afford  her  the  opportunity  of  com- 
peting successfully  with  Baltimore  and  other  large  jobbing 
centers. 


Page  25 


Page  26 


The    Health    Department   of    Norfolk   is    a    model    from    which    many   larger   cities   are 
profiting.     It  is  the  healthiest  city  on  the  Atlantic  Coast. 


LABOR. 

NoAv  comes  the  question  of  labor  and  the  cost  of  living. 
Regarding  the  former,  it  can  be  said  that  whenever  a  new  in- 
dustry is  established  in  Norfolk,  or  is  about  to  be  established, 
that  has  the  appearance  of  being  founded  upon  a  sound  finan- 
cial basis  with  indications  of  permanency,  there  immediately 
appears,  and  makes  application  for  employment,  the  kind  and 
class  of  labor  required.  This  seems  to  indicate  that  labor  of  a 
high  order  favors  Norfolk  as  an  abiding  place,  and  will  locate 
here  if  it  is  assured  of  permanent  employment.  The  moderate 
cost  of  living,  in  a  locality  where  most  of  the  things  that  go 
on  the  table  are  produced  right  at  hand,  and  the  ability  to 
secure  a  pleasantly  located,  detached  home,  either  by  purchase 
or  renting,  at  a  price  most  reasonable  by  comparison  with 
other  places,  has  much  to  do  with  this.  There  is,  besides  this, 
at  all  times,  an  abundance  of  cheap  negro  labor  to  be  had. 

Frequently  it  is  found  that  in  the  cities  where  living  ex- 
penses are  lower  than  the  average,  it  indicates  a  lack  of  prog- 
ress and  thrift  on  the  part  of  the  people,  and  an  atmosphere 
of  retrogression.  This  is  not  the  case  in  Norfolk,  and  the  rea- 
son is  very  simple.  On  the  rich  trucking  lands  adjacent  to  the 
City  and  throughout  the  Tidewater  section  of  Virginia,  there 
is  being  grown,  at  the  rate  of  three  or  four  crops  a  year,  the 
produce  and  food  stuff  that  other  sections  and  cities  are  pay- 
ing fancy  prices  for,  but  which  the  Norfolk  buyer,  getting  it 
at  first  hand,  is  able  to  secure  at  a  price  that  brings  it  within 
range  of  the.  most  modest  purchaser.  Then  the  waters  that 
encompass  the  city  and  section  in  every  direction,  are  teeming 
with  the  very  best  of  the  finny  tribe,  while  the  oysters,  clams 
and  crabs  therefrom  are  a  never  ending  joy  and  delight. 

To  all  of  this,  the  forests  and  meadows  are  contributing 
their  part  in  the  way  of  game  of  all  kinds,  including  the  high- 
ly prized  and  much  sought  for  \^ald  celery  fed  canvas-back 
duck,  from  the  back  bays  below  Norfolk,  and  the  Lynnhaven 
oyster  from  the  immediate  vicinity.  These  then  are  the  rea- 
sons why  the  citizen  of  Norfolk,  even  though  he  draws  only 
the  modest  pay  of  a  workman,  is  enabled  to  have  upon  his 


Page  27 


!        ,  ,  i        "a 


J.       « 


i' 


r-''  ■» 


y  • 


Page  28 


Fish,  Oysters  and   Came  shipped  from  this  port,  yield   an  annual  revenue 
of  over   $3,000,000. 


table  at  all  times,  the  very  best  products  from  land  and  sea, 
purchased  at  a  price  lower  than  that  paid  in  other  places  for  in- 
ferior food  stuffs. 

FINANCIAL. 

Fourteen  Banks,  State  and  National,  in  operation,  with  a 
capital  and  surplus  of  Seven  Million,  One  Hundred  and  Sixty 
Six  Thousand,  Three  Hundred  Dollars,  with  deposits  of  over 
Twenty  Three  ^lillion  Dollars,  and  clearing  in  1913  Two  Hun- 


Merchants  &   Mechanics   Savings  Bank. 


Page  29 


,^  -^ir  "p 


National    Bank    of    Commerce    Building. 
The    Home   of    the    Norfolk   Chamber   of   Commerce. 


Page  30 


The   harbors   of   Norfolk,    Portsmouth   and   Hampton   Koads  will   accommodate   the 
floating   commerce   of    the   world. 


dred  and  Twenty  One  Million.   Eight  Hundred  and   Twenty- 
Thousand,  Five  Hundred  Dollars. 

A  high  rating  in  the  important  financial  centres  of  the 
country;  which  greatly  facilitates  the  securing  of  loans  for 
substantia]  industrial  undertakings. 


Norfolk   National   Bank. 


TRANSPORTATION  FACILITIES. 


^  ^'^ 


One  hundred  and  ninety  three  miles  of  up-to-date  trolley 
lines. 

Eight  great  trunk  lines,  representing  a  trackage  of  forty 
two  thousand  miles,  terminate  at  Norfolk  on  deep  water. 


Page  31 


Page  32 


The    aggregate    population    of    Norfolk   and    the    cities   and   towns   within    20    miles,   is 

over  200,000. 


A  Belt  Line  Railway  crosses  over  and  connects  these 
trunk  lines,  affording  exceptional  f'acilites  for  freight  trans- 
shipment and  manufacturing  purposes. 

Six  foreign  steamship  lines  and  twenty  six  coastwise  and 
river  lines  operating  and  reaching  out  in  every  direction  and 
supplying  daily  connection  with  all  the  great  centers  of  com- 
mercial activity. 

Because  of  the  magnificent  waterways  and  the  ample  rail 


New    Pier    of    Norfolk    &    Washington    Steamboat    Co. 

facilities  of  "Tidewater,"  practically  every  section  thereof  can 
be  reached  from  Norfolk  by  one  of  these  forms  of  transporta- 
tion. 

Travel  to  and  from  Norfolk  and  most  other  eastern  points 
is  made  unusually  comfortable  because  of  the  fact  that  in  most 


Pace  33 


Page  34 


Police    protection    is    unsurpassed,    and    there    is    less    crime    in    Norfolk    than    in    any 
seaport  city   of   its   size   in    the   country. 


cases  the  trip  cau  be  made  by  water  and  as  all  will  agree, 
travel  by  water  is  always  to  be  desired,  especially  when  it  is 
by  routes  made  interesting  by  history  and  tradition. 

The  eight  lines  of  railway'-  entering  and  terminating  at 
this  point  afford  facilities  also  for  reaching  these  cities  and  in 
addition  every  other  city  and  section  of  the  country,  by  the 
means  of  the  most  modern  and  up-to-date  train  service ;  and 
then  the  erection  of  the  new  Union  Terminal  Station  has  great- 
ly facilitated  the  handling  of  trains  and  passenger  traffic. 


New   Union   Depot. 

For  handling  of  freight,  trans-shipped  between  rail  and 
water  at  this  point,  the  City  is  working  out  a  plan  for  the 
establishing  at  some  convenient  point  in  the  harbor,  public 
docks  and  warehouses.  These  docks  are  to  be  connected  with 
the  Belt  Line  Railway,  thus  affording  convenient  access  to 
them  for  the  several  lines  of  railway  operating  to  and  from 
this  port.  These  public  docks  will  be  owned  and  operated  by 
the  city  and  only  a  minimum  charge  will  be  made  for  dockage 
and  storage  of  freight.  These  docks  will  mean  the  handling 
of  much  Panama  liusiness  at  this  port. 


Page  35 


Interior  of  Union  Depot. 

WATER  FRONT  AND  WATER  COURSES. 

A  thirty  five  foot  channel  to  the  Ocean. 

Five  miles  of  developed  v^ater  front  and  twenty-five  more 
available  for  deep  water  development. 

Perfect  drainage  is  afforded  the  City  by  her  waterways 
which  penetrate  in  every  direction. 

The  City's  residential  sections  are  beautified  and  made 
more  attractive  and  comfortable  by  the  waterways  that  have 
their  courses  through  all  the  most  desirable  portions  of  the 
City. 

In  Summer,  cooling  breezes  are  wafted  over  the  City  from 
the  river  and  its  estuaries  in  the  one  direction  and  the  Ocean 
in  the  other,  and  in  Winter  they  also  have  a  moderating  in- 
fluence, and  severe  cold  is  almost  unknown. 

The  fish,  oysters  and  crabs  from  her  waters  mean  an  an- 
nual revenue  of  about  Three  Million  Dollars  to  the  City,  and 
the  waterborne  commerce  in  the  harbor  in  Nineteen  Hundred 
and  Twelve  was  Twenty  Eight  Million  Tons,  representing  a 
value  of  over  Five  Hundred  and  Fifty  Million  Dollars. 


Page  .36 


OTHER  THAN  COMMERCIAL,  NORFOLK'S 
SHOWING   IS  JUST   AS  GOOD. 


HE  has  one  hundred  and  thirty-one  churches,  six  social 

clubs,   thirty   fraternal   orders,    educational   facilities 

equal  to  any  in  the  Country,  many  modern  hotels,  and 

six  theatres  and  places  of  amusement,   one  hundred 

and  three  acres  of  public  parks,  and  seven  resorts  within  one 

hour's  ride  by  trolley  or  boat. 

In  fact  Norfolk  is  becoming  an  important  objective  point 
for  tourists. 

It  would  be  folly  to  attempt  to  enumerate  all  of  her  at- 
tractions, but  to  sum  it  up,  Norfolk  is  a  good  place  to  come 
to  and  live  in,  for  her  social  charms  and  commercial  advan- 
tages are  exceptional. 


Repair   Yard  for  Yachts  in   the   Hague. 


Page  37 


Page  38 


OLD   ST.   PAUL'S. 


THE  building  mn\  known  as  St.  Paul's  Church  is  one 
hundred  and  seventy  five  years  old.  Elizabeth  River 
Parish  was  established  in  1637,  and  embraced  all  the 
territory  now^  included  in  Elizabeth  River,  Ports- 
mouth and  St.  Bride's  parishes,  (Norfolk,  Portsmouth  and 
Berkley)  and  the  Parish  Church  was  built  at  "]\Ir.  Sewell's 
Point.''  In  1640-1  a  church  was  erected  on  the  present 
site  of  St.  Paul's.  This  Church  was  for  the  convenience  of 
those  who  lived  some  distance  from  the  Parish  Church,  and 
was  called  a  "Chapel  of  Ease."  After  the  abandonment  of  the 
Parish  Church  the  "Chapel  of  Ease"  was  known  as  the  Parish 
Church.  This  building  served  its  purpose  for  nearly  a  hundred 
years.  In  1739 — the  date  is  shown  in  raised  brick  on  the  south 
transept  wail — the  present  building  was  erected.  It  was  known 
as  the  "Borough  Church,"  Norfolk  having  been  incorporated 
as  a  borough  in  1736.  The  building  is  cruciform,  its  architec- 
ture is  pure,  and  the  walls  are  of  unusual  thickness.  On  New 
Year's  Day,  1776.  Lord  Dunmore  opened  a  heavy  cannonade  on 
Norfolk,  and  "the  town  was  entirely  destroyed  by  fire,  the 
walls  of  St.  Paul's  alone  remaining  standing."  A  cannon  ball 
imbedded  in  the  southern  wall  of  St.  Paul's  is  an  interesting 
reminder  of  the  day.  In  1832  the  building,  after  a  period  of 
disuse,  was  repaired  and  consecrated  as  "St.  Paul's  Church." 
During  the  Civil  War  it  was  occupied  by  the  Federal  forces 
from  1862  to  1865.  In  1901  a  tower  was  erected  and  in  1909  a 
parish  house  w^as  built.  In  1913  the  interior  was  restored.  The 
best  models  were  carefully  studied,  and  it  is  believed  that  the 
interior  now  corresponds  in  appearance  and  effect  with  those 
walls  which  have  stood  unaltered  for  nearly  two  centuries. 


Page  39 


Page  40 


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Page  41 


6161   vessels   entered   and    cleared   in    1912,   with    a   net    registered    tonnage   of 
12.056,361     tons. 


The    Royster    -i.  .viing — i 


Page  42 


THE    NORFOLK    NAVY   YARD. 


wm 


H'  ERE  is  introcliu-ed  a  sketch  sliowijjg  in  combination  the 
present  lay-out  of  the  Norfolk  Navy  Yard,  and  the 
plan  of  development  recently  recommended  by  a 
lioard  of  Naval  Officers  thoroughly  conversant  with 
the  situation.  This  plan  is  the  more  interesting  because  of  the 
proposition  now  before  Congress  to  establish  on  this  coast,  at 
the  most  favorable  point,  a  dry-dock  capable  not  only  of 
handling  any  warship  now  afloat,  but  providing  for  years  of 
ultimate  growth.  As  to  its  location  at  Norfolk,  no  higher 
recommendation  should  be  needed  than  the  following  quota- 
tion from  the  report  of  a  Naval  Board  in  1869,  reading  as  fol- 
lows : 

"It  is,  though  near  the  sea.  as  inaccessible  to  attack  as  if 
it  were  far  inland,  possessing  every  advantage  required  for  de- 
fense by  land  and  sea,  and  by  its  exterior  and  interior  lines  of 
defense.  Its  situation  is  healthy,  in  a  temperate  climate,  in  the 
sea  air,  and  on  a  firm,  sandy  soil." 

These  natural  conditions  still  prevail,  being  enhanced  how- 
ever by  all  the  additional  advantages  due  to  the  years  of 
scientific  progress  made  since  the  report  of  1869.  With  the 
present  defenses  of  the  port  of  Hampton  Roads,  together  with 
the  proposed  fortification  of  the  Capes  of  Virginia,  the  Navy 
Yard  located  here  Avill  possess  strategic  advantages  unequaled 
in  this  country.  Apart  from  such  protection  this  Yard  is  in 
good  communication  both  by  rail  and  water  with  manufactur- 
ing and  supply  centers,  and  is  capable  of  furnishing  at  short 
notice,  sufficient  coal,  fuel,  oil,  provisions,  and  other  supplies 
for  naval  vessels.  Nearly  50,000  miles  of  rail  trackage  con- 
nect this  harbor  -with  the  principal  material-supply  depots  in 
the  country.  It  is  now  recognised  as  the  great  clearing  house 
of  the  fleet  for  coal,  oil,  ammunition  and  stores.  In  close  prox- 
imity is  located  the  magazine  at  St.  Juliens,  where  enormous 
quantities  of  ammunition  are  prepared,  assembled  and  stored. 
Immediately  opposite  the  yard  is  located  one  of  the  largest  oil- 
shipping  and  storage  plants  on  the  coast.  In  conjunction  with 
the  yard,  the  St.  Helena  Training  Station,  one  of  the  best  main- 
tained by  the  Government,  handles  about  -42%  of  the  seamen 
apprentices  qualifying  for  naval  service.  All  of  these  facts  have 
been  brought  out  by  Army  and  Navy  experts — the  men  upon 


Page  43 


38   Public  Schools,   360   Teachers,   and   11,700   Pupils.      Buildings,   Grounds   and   Equip- 
ment valued  at  $1,300,000.     Unsurpassed  educational   advantages. 


Chesapeake  &   Potomac  Telephone  Building. 


Page  44 


whose  judgment  is  based  the  expenditure  of  millions  upon  mil- 
lions of  money  yearly  by  the  Government^  and  who  have  re- 
ported, almost  unanimously,  in  favor  of  this  harbor  as  the 
most  advantageous  location  I'oi-  the  proposed  new  dry-dock  for 
the  Atlantic  Coast. 

There  is  now  a  channel  35  feet  deep  and  400  feet  wide 
(soon  to  be  increased  to  600  feet)  from  the  Capes  of  Virginia, 
through  the  harbor  of  Norfolk-Portsmouth,  to  the  Navy  Yard, 
and  the  present  project,  when  completed,  will  increase  the 
channel  width  at  the  yard  to  850  feet,  which  is  ample  for  any 
ship  in  the  Navy,  or  soon  to  be  constructed,  to  be  handled  in. 


Norfolk    and    Portsmouth    Cotton    Exchange. 

The  availability  of  this  Navy  Yard  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  that  in  the  year  1913,  there  were  more  ships  docked  here 
than  in  any  other  two  navy  yards  on  this  coast. 

The  climate  admits  of  out-of-door  labor  every  day  in  the 
year,  labor  is  abundant  when  required,  and  such  a  condition 
as  this  harbor  or  its  approaches  being  blocked  by  ice  is  un- 
known. 

These  facts,  easy  of  corroboration,  should  leave  no  doubt  in 
any  mind  of  the  supreme  importance  of  this  port  as  a  naval 
base. 

Acknowledgment  is  made  to  Hon.  E.  E.  Holland,  M.  C.  from  this  District, 
for   valuable   information   used   in   this   article. 


Page  45 


:?#^:|f|i 

M 

M 

-^^.  . 

---- 

"- 

-^*^_r-.fiVj| 

-        r**?' 

"'^"■Biiii^l 

pi^'/'ter.%v 

1 

^^ 

^^^s^mmssi^^ 

r 

1 

If 

„ 

/^ 

i^^.^    " 

Lee   Park. 


School   Children   in   Lafayette  Park. 


Page  46 


The    Fire   Department    of    Norfolk  is   strictly   up-to-date   with    motor   equipment,   caus- 
ing low   fire   insurance   averages. 


TRANSPORTATION  LINES  ENTERING  NORFOLK  AND 
HOW  TO  REACH  THEM. 


NEW  YORK,  PHILADELPHIA  & 
NORFOLK  R.  R. 

(Pennsylvania  R.  R.  System.) 

CHESAPEAKE  <^^  OHKJ  RY.  CO. 
NORFOLK  <!t  WESTERN  RY.  CO. 

VIRGINIAN  R.  R.  CO. 
NORFOLK  SOUTHERN  R.  R. 

SOUTHERN  RAILWAY  CO. 


ATLANTIC  COAST  LINE  R.  R. 
CO. 

SEABOARD  AIR  LINE  RY. 


OLD  DOMINION     STEAMSHIP 

CO. 

OLD  DOMINION     STEAMSHIP 
CO. 


MERCHANTS  &  MINERS 
TRANS  CO. 

BALTIMORE  STEAM  PACKET 
CO. 

CHESAPEAKE  S.  S.  LINE 


NORFOLK  &  WASHINGTON  S. 
B.  CO. 

CLYDE  S.  S.  LINE. 


NORFOLK-VIRGINIA  STEAM- 
BOAT CO. 


From  Pliiladeli)liia,     New     York 
and  points  North  and  West. 
Foot  of  Brooke  Avenue. 

From  Richmond  and  points 
Wesl.  Foot  of  Brooke  Ave. 

From  Petej'sburg,  Richmond,  and 
points  West.  Union  Station  E. 
End  Main  St. 

From  Roanoke  and  points  West. 
Union  Station,  E.  End  Main  St. 

From  Raleigh  and  Eastern  North 

Carolina  points. 

Union  Station,  E.  End  Main  St. 

From  South  and  West. 
Water  St.  foot  of  Mathews. 

From  Southern  points. 
Water  St.  foot  of  Mathews. 

From  Southern  points. 
Ferry  from  Portsmouth,  Va. 

From  New  Y^ork. 

Water  St.  foot  of  Church. 

From  Richmond  and  James  Riv- 
er points. 
Water  St.  foot  of  Church. 

From  Boston  and  Providence. 
West  End  Main  St. 

From  Baltimore. 
West  End  Main  St. 

From  Baltimore. 
.Water  St.  foot  of  Jackson. 

From  Washington. 
S.  End  CoUey  Ave. 

From  Philadelphia. 
Water  St.  foot  of  Madison. 

From  York  &  Mataponi  River 
Landings.  Foot  Commerce  St. 


Page  47 


Page  48 


The    Development    of    one   Street    in   a 
Little  More  than  a  Decade. 


Compare  the  date  of  the  picture  at  the  top  of  the 
following  pages  with  that  at  the  bottom — the  location  is  the 
same. 


Within  an  inconceivably  short  time  the  Colonial  and 
Ante-Bellum  domestic  architecture  of  Granby  Street  has  van- 
ished before  the  march  of  progress,  and  the  peaceful  repose 
of  a  street  of  old  homes  has  been  destroyed  by  the  roar  of 
Traffic  and  the  hurry  of  Insistent  Commerce. 


"Look  on  this  Picture,  then  on  That" 


Page  49 


Old   Tazewell   Homestead — 1902.      Former   Residence    of    Governor    Tazewell. 


Same   Location — 1912. 


Page  50 


The    Hardy    Homestead— 1912. 


Page  51 


The   Martin   Building — 1914. 


The   Dickson    Homestead — 1903. 


The    Dickson    Building— 1912. 


Page  52 


The  Tazewell  Taylor  Homestead — 1904. 


Page  53 


The   Taylor   Building— 1912. 


The  Leache-Wood  Seminary — 1904. 


The    Lynnhaven    Hotel— 1912. 


Page  54 


The    United    States    Bank — 1803-1811.      Subsequently    the    Newton    Homestead — 1904. 


Same    Location — 1912. 


Page  55 


From   an   Old  Wood  Cut  of   Norfolk 


Norfolk  Waterfront 

Page  5G 


— Portsmouth    Harbor  About   1850. 


and  Harbor — 1913. 
Page  57 


McCulloughs    Docks— 1902. 


s«f 


wioa-mzuiwj 


Same  Location — 1913. 


Page  68 


Drummonds  Bridge   From   Foot  of   Botetourt  Street — 1888. 


Ghent   Bridge    From    Foot    of    Botetourt    Street — 1910. 


Page  59 


City    Hall   Avenue,    Looking    West    Across    Granby    Street — 1887. 


City   Hall  Avenue,   Looking  West  Across   Granby   Street — 1913. 


City    Hall    Avenue,    Looking    East   Across    Granby    Street — 1896. 


is****-^^'"^*^ 


City    Hall    Avenue,    Looking    East   Across    Granby    Street — 1913. 
Page  61 


1.%  '  ■-. 


f^  wMP 


Old   Frigate   Delaware   in   Dry   Dock   No.   1   in    1833. 
This  Dry   Dock   is   Still   in   Active   Use. 


Battleship    Delaware    in    Dry    Dock   No.    3 — 1910. 


Page  62 


Foaaosons 

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PROPOSED  PLAN  OP 

NORFOLK  TERMINAL  DEVELOPEMENT 


NORFOLK'S   PROPOSED  TERMINAL 
DEVELOPMENT. 

Wm.  F.  R.  Gnffith,  President  Doclc  &  Belt  Line  Commission. 


T'  HE  accompanying  sketch  shows  the  proposed  municipal 
^      terminal  development  at  Xorfollv.     It  is  necessary  to 
^^^      present  the  problem  as  a  whole  in  order  that  its  ulti- 
mate scope  and  purpose  may  be  understood. 

We  realize  that  such  a  terminal  development  must  be  a 
gro^vth  rather  than  a  creation,  and  that  as  it  develops  it  must 
be  made  to  serve  existing  needs  as  well  as  to  anticipate  those 


Coal   for    biiiiJiiU'iU    Omt    \  irnuiiaM    Itailuay    Tiers. 

of  the  future,  that  established  uses  may  not  be  suddenly  termi- 
nated; and,  finally  that  the  cost  shall  neither  be  burdensome 
upon  the  city  nor  upon  the  railroad  companies  who  may  be 
•called  upon  to  co-operate  in  forming  a  union  water  terminal 
by  the  construction  of  a  belt  line  railroad  to  connect  with  said 
terminal. 


Page  63 


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NORFOLK'S   PROPOSED  TERMINAL 
DEVELOPMENT. 

Wm.  P.  R.  Griffith,  President  Dock  &  Belt  Line  Commission. 


T~~~^  HE  accompanying  sketch  shows  the  proposed  municipal 
^  terminal  development  at  Norfolk.  It  is  necessary  to 
^^  present  the  problem  as  a  Avhole  in  order  that  its  ulti- 
mate scope  and  purpose  may  be  understood. 

We  realize  that  sueli  a  terminal  development  must  be  a 
groAVth  rather  than  a  creation,  and  that  as  it  develops  it  must 
be  made  to  serve  existing  needs  as  well  as  to  anticipate  those 


Coal  for   Sliipimiit    Omt    \nuinia:i    !;ailua>    Tiers. 

•of  the  future,  that  established  uses  may  not  be  suddenly  termi- 
nated; and,  finally  that  the  cost  shall  neither  be  burdensome 
upon  the  city  nor  upon  the  railroad  companies  who  may  be 
•called  upon  to  co-operate  in  forming  a  union  water  terminal 
by  the  construction  of  a  belt  line  railroad  to  connect  with  said 
terminal. 


Page  63 


Page  64 


Norfolk  is   the   peer  of  any  city  in  the  United   States  as  a   combination   Summer   and 

Winter   health    resort. 


Changes  will  be  made  slowly,  and  the  conversion  of  the 
present  inadequate  terminals  into  one  such  as  is  contemplated 
will  proceed  by  successive  steps. 

In  seeking  a  solution,  the  city  and  the  railroads  must  make 
haste  slowly.  The  necessary  factors  at  present  are:  The  most 
desirable  location  to  place  the  terminal,  the  location  of  the  con- 
necting belt  line,  and  its  terminal  float  bridges  for  transferring 
cars  to  and  from  the  ear  floats  and  the  belt  line  railroad. 


Raleigh   Court   Apartment. 

The  policy  of  the  railroads  until  now  has  been  to  secure, 
each  for  itself,  needed  facilities  without  regard  to  others. 
Adequate  organization  on  the  Norfolk  side  of  the  Eastern 
Branch  of  the  Elizabeth  River,  including  a  belt  line  railroad 
connection,  can  only  be  obtained  through  mutual  co-operation 
and  concession.  The  force  of  developing  circumstances  is  such 
that  the  roads  cannot  much  longer  follow  their  old  separate 
policy.  St.  Louis  has  a  joint  freight  terminal;  Chicago  is 
building  one :  New  Orleans,  San  Francisco  and  ^Montreal  are 


Page  66 


The  Virginia  Club. 


Page  66 


Norfolk  is  the   home  of  the   Lynnhaven   Oyster,   the   Smithfield   Ham   and   the 
Princess  Anne  Turkey. 


operating  dock  railroads.  The  city  will  always  exercise  a  large 
degree  of  control  over  its  waterfront,  in  spite  bf  long  term  and 
Town  Point  leases — which  will  ultimately  fall  in — and  it  is  by 
permitting  a  substantial  part  of  the  marginal  way  to  be  used 
for  temporary  storage  of  cars — which  will  not  be  much  longer 
possible — so  it  is  clear  that  the  city  holds  in  reserve  powers  of 
persuasion  which  cannot  he  disregarded. 


Holland  Apartment. 

It  is  said  that  the  railroads  themselves  will  take  care  of 
their  own  development,  and  since  their  interest  is  identical 
with  the  shipper,  the  question  of  handling  freight  traffic  will 
be  solved  properly  if  the  municipal  authorities  will  assist  in  a 
liberal  spirit. 

Norfolk  has  done  everything  in  its  power  to  show  a  liberal 
spirit  towards  the  railroads  and  it  is  doubtful  if  the  railroads 
themselves  will  be  able  to  work  out  the  terminal  problem.  As 
noted  above,  their  general  policy  heretofore  has  been  opposed 
to  co-operation.     Furthermore,  if  they  are  disposed  to  do  so, 


Page  67 


Page  68 


Upon    the    completion    of    facilities   now    under   construction,    this   will    be    the    largest 
coal  port  in  the  world.     Present  annual  shipments  of  coal,  over  12,000,000  tons. 


it  is  a  question  whether  thc}^  will  be  able  to  provide  for  the 
future  in  an  adequate  manner  without  the  city's  help,  since 
changes  of  city  plan  can  best  be  undertaken  for  a  number 
of  roads  rather  than  for  individual  roads. 

The  interests  of  the  roads  are  not  identical  with  those  of 
the  shipper.     It  is  comparatively  immaterial  to  them  liow  long 


Pelham   Place   Apartment. 

the  cars  wait  at  the  waterfront ;  since  if  the  boat  does  not  re- 
ceive the  freight  today,  they  will  receive  demurrage  on  their 
ear  as  long  as  it  remains  there. 

It  might  be  noted  parenthetically  that  neither  are  the 
shippers  especially  interested,  since  they  all  bear  the  burden 
alike,  and  the  out  of  town  merchant  foots  the  bill  for  exas- 
perating delays  and  excessive  terminal  expenses.  In  the  last 
anah^sis,  it  is  apparent  that  the  city's  commerce  rather  than 
any  particular  individual  sufl'ers. 

However,  notwithstanding  these  facts,  the  following  is  a 
sumraarv  of  the  commercial  growth  of  Norfolk  Harbor: 


Page  69 


Page  70 


A    safe    and    commodious    harbor,    land-locked    and    never    ice-boond.      Peculiarly    free 

from   atmospheric   disturbances,   and   exempt   from   storm-havoc   by 

reason  of  protected  location. 


In  1888  the  commerce  amounted  to  approximately 
2,000,000  tons. 

In  1900  the  commerce  amounted  to  approximately 
5,000.000  tons. 

In  1910  the  commerce  amounted  to  approximately 
12,000,000  tons. 

In  1911  the  commerce  amounted  to  approximately 
16.000,000  tons. 

In  1912  commerce  estimated  at  22.000,000  tons. 


Vendome   Apartment. 


It  would  seem  safe  to  say  that  with  the  city  and  railroads 
working  in  co-operation  to  build  up  the  port  of  Norfolk,  in 
1915  the  tonnage  should  exceed  the  35,000,000  ton  mark. 


There   are  no   richer  farm   lands   in   the  world   than   immediately   around   Norfolk. 


Page  71 


View  of  Ghent,  The   Principal 


ill  1 1 

III  [MiLiiUi 


Naval  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
The   Gift  of  Miss  Helen   Gould   and  Jno.  D.   Rockefeller. 


Page  72 


Residential   Section   of   Norfolk. 


The    New    Y.   M.   C.   A. 
Erected  and  Equipped   by   Popular  Subscription. 


Page  73 


f-'W^ 


Page  74 


Seven  Seaside   Resorts  within  one  hour's   ride  by  trolley   or  boat. 


POINTS  OF  INTEREST  IN  AND  AROUND  NORFOLK  AND 
HOW  TO  REACH  THEM. 


PORTSMOUTH,   VA. 
U.  S.  NAVY  YARD. 

ST.  HELENA  RESERVATION. 

U.  S.  MARINE  HOSPITAL. 
OLD  ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH. 

LAFAYETTE  PARK. 

CAPE  HENRY  AND     VIRGINIA 
BEACH. 


OCEAN  VIEW  AND 

WILLOUGHBY  BEACH 


OLD  POINT  COMFORT. 
(FORT  MONROE) 


BUCKROE  BEACH. 

HAMPTON.  VA. 

('Nationnl   Soldiers'   Homo. 
Normal  School.) 


NEWPORT  NEWS,  VA. 

^N.  N.  Shipbuilding  &  Drvdock 
Plant.) 


Ferry  every  8  minutes  from  foot 
of  Commercial  Place. 

Ferry  to  Portsmouth  and  trolley 
to  Navy  Yard  Gate.  Time,  20 
minutes. 

Government  ferry  from  Navy 
Yard. 

Ferry  to  Portsmouth  and  trolley 

Trolley  to  corner  of  Church  and 
Cove  Sts. 

Trolley  via  Church  Street. 

Norfolk  Southern  R.  R.  from 
City  Hall  Ave.  and  Union  Station 
as  per  schedule.  Time  45  min- 
utes. 

Trolley  at  frequent  intervals 
from  corner  Main  and  Granby 
Sts.    Time  40  minutes. 

(1)  Trolley  to  Willoughby  Spit 
and  Ferry  across  Hampton  Roads 
Time  1  hour.  Cor.  Main  and 
Granby.  (2)  Steamers  of  0.  D. 
S.S.  Co.,  Chesapeake  S.  S.  Co., 
Old  Bay  Line,  N.  Y.  P.  &  N.  R.  R., 
Norfolk  &  Washington  Line  ev- 
ery afternoon. 

Trolley  from  Old  Point  Comfort. 

fl)  Trolley  from  Old  Point  on 
Wharf.  (2)  0.  D.  S.  S.  Steamer 
direct.  Time  1  hour  and  a  quar- 
ter. 

1)  Trolley  from  Old  Point  Com- 
fort. (2)  Trolley  to  Pine  Beach 
and  ferrv  across  Hampton  Roads. 
(3)  Steamers  of  0.  D.  S.  S.  Co. 
and  C.  ^  0.  Ry  Co. 


Norfolk   is   the   Mecca   for   seekers   of   homes,   pleasures   and   sports. 


Page  75 


»ti  I 


Page  76 


Trolley  service  i 

lip   to   date.     Miles 

of   line   in   1880,   3;   in   1913,   197. 

0  NORFOLK,  VA.,  FRO] 

DISTANCE  AND  TIME  T 

M. 

Place 

Miles. 

Hours 

Place 

Miles. 

Hours 

Asheville,  N.  C. 

446 

19:00 

Knoxville,  Tenn. 

539 

17:50 

Atlanta,  Ga. 

578 

22:15 

Lexington,  Va. 

280 

10:20 

Baltimore,  Md 

244 

8:05  ' 

Louisville,  Ky. 

728 

23:30 

Birmingham,  Ala. 

745 

27:00 

Lynchburg,  Va. 

204 

6:15 

Boston,  Mass. 

579 

19:35 

Memphis,  Tenn. 

963 

32:50 

Bristol,  Va. 

408 

13:30 

Macon,  Ga. 

892 

28:20 

Charlotte,  N.  C. 

348 

13:20 

New  York,  N.  Y. 

345 

12:05 

Charlottesville,  Va. 

182 

8:00 

Petersburg,  Va., 

82 

2:25 

Charleston,  S.  C, 

391 

13:45 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

255 

9:22 

Chattanooga,  Tenn, 

,     650 

20:50 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

506 

17:05 

Chicago,  111., 

950 

27:30 

Raleigh,  N.  G. 

175 

6:55 

Cincinnati,  Ohio 

668 

19:00 

Richmond,  Va. 

88 

2:20 

Cleveland,  Ohio. 

932 

27:00 

Roanoke,  Va. 

258 

7:55 

Columbus,   Ohio. 

682 

22:15 

St.  Augustine,  Fla. 

705 

20:20 

Columbia,  S.  C. 

457 

16:20 

St.  Louis,  Mo., 

1007 

29:00 

Danville,  Va. 

207 

8:25 

Savannah,  Ga. 

506 

15:00 

Detroit,  Mich. 

931 

29:50 

Staunton,  Va. 

221 

9:30 

Edenton,  N.  C. 

84 

2:25 

Suffolk,  Va. 

23 

:40 

Eliz.  City,  N.  C. 

53 

1:25 

Tampa,  Fla., 

928 

30:35 

Femandina,  Fla. 

713 

20:40 

Toledo,  Ohio 

871 

27:40 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

778 

24:50 

Washington,  D.  G. 

204 

5:35 

Jacksonville,  Fla. 

678 

19:20 

Wilmington,  N.  C. 

245 

10:00 

The  above  information  is 
but  the  following  points  showr 
water  direct  from  Norfolk. 

Boston,  New  York,  Balti 
Petersburg,  Elizabeth  City  anc 

compiled  on  an  all-rail  basis, 
L  above  can  also  be  reached  by 

more,    "Washington,    Richmond, 
I  Suffolk. 

Page  77 


Page  78 


wm^mik:. 


-a  .2 


Page  79 


Post  Office   receipts  in  1909.   $295,900;  in   1912,   $361,025;   in   1913,   $388,391. 


One   of   Norfolk's   Public  Schools. 


Norfolk  Academy. 


Page  80 


The   seaside   resorts   of   Ocean   View,   Virginia   Beach,   Cape   Henry   and   Old   Point 
Comfort   are   unequalled   between   New   Jersey   and   Florida. 


Ghent  Club.     The   Representative   Hebrew   Social  Club. 


-ii^S^i^SSiHtiai^A^^ 


The    Country    Club,    on    Lafayette    River. 


Page  81 


Page  82 


The   manufacturing  industries  of   Norfolk  Rive  employment   to  over   14,000   people. 
The  U.  S.  Navy  Yard  employs  3,000   more. 


Commercial   Place,   Looliing  Towards  Portsmouth. 


There   is  an   average   temperature   which   makes   Norfolk   rank   high   as   both   a   Winter 

and  Summer  resort.     Average   of   seasons.   Spring,   57;   Summer,   76; 

Autumn,  61,  and  Winter,  42  degrees. 


Page  83 


TABLE  OF  DISTANCES  BETWEEN  PANAMA  AND  MID- 
DLE WESTERN  POINTS  THROUGH  GULF  AND 
ATLANTIC  COAST  PORTS. 


From 

Rail  Distance 

Plus  Distance 

To 

Miles 

From  Panama 

Total 

Norfolk 

Chicago 

950 

2772 

St.  Louis 

1004 

1822 

2826 

Cleveland 

844 

2666 

Cincinnati 

665 

2487 

Boston 

Chicago 

1180 

3365 

St.  Louis 

1287 

2185 

3472 

Cleveland 

802 

2897 

Cincinnati 

984 

3169 

New  York 

Chicago 

945 

296^ 

St.  Louis 

1052 

2017 

3069 

Cleveland 

577 

2594 

Cincinnati 

749 

2766 

Philadelphia 

Chicago 

860 

2849 

St.  Louis 

947 

1989 

274& 

Cleveland 

492 

2481 

Cincinnati 

644 

2653 

Baltimore 

Chicago 

859 

2803 

St.  Louis 

932 

1944 

2876 

Cleveland 

514 

2458 

Cincinnati 

593 

2537 

Galveston 

Chicago 

1299 

2831 

St.  Louis 

1008 

1542 

2550 

Cleveland 

1448 

2990 

Cincinnati 

1185 

2727 

New  Orleans 

Chicago 

1121 

2559 

St.  Louis 

724 

1438 

2162 

Cleveland 

1099 

2537 

Cincinnati 

836 

2274 

Mobile 

Chicago 

1054 

2473 

St.  Louis 

657 

1419 

2076 

Cleveland 

1032 

2451 

Cincinnati 

769 

2188 

Jacksonville 

Chicago 

1168 

2727 

St.  Louis 

975 

1559 

2534 

Cleveland 

1217 

2776 

Cincinnati 

954 

2513 

Savannah 

Chicago 

1097 

2703 

St.  Louis 

804 

1606 

2410 

Cleveland_ 

1146 

2752 

Cincinnati 

883 

2489 

Charleston 

Chicago 

1198 

1607 

2805 

St.  Louis 

1007 

2614 

Cleveland 

1247 

2854 

Cincinnati 

984 

2591 

The  above  table  shows  comparative  distances  from  Pana- 
ma through  Atlantic  and  Gulf  Ports  to  the  main  distributing 
centers  of  the  I\Iiddle  West.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  greater 
rail  distances  from  Norfolk  to  the  West  are  more  than  of¥-set 
bv  the  lesser  water  distances  from  Panama,  and  vice  versa. 


Page  84 


RETURN     CIRCULATION  DEPARTMENT 

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